ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the beliefs of people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus related to insulin use. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative-qualitative study based on Theory of Planned Behavior and performed with 32 participants using insulin. The data were analyzed and grouped into categories by beliefs similarity, counted from the frequencies. Results: 118 behavioral, 60 normative and 97 control beliefs were issued. Among the behavioral beliefs, there was an advantage in keeping the diabetes under control and disadvantage, the pain of being pierced by the application of insulin. Regulations highlighted the children as referents who support the treatment. In control beliefs, it was observed that the application of insulin appears as easiness and difficulty to the treatment. Conclusions: the study will support the construction of a psychometric scale to measure the determinants of insulin use, revealing particularities for the structuring of educational interventions that contribute to adherence of the treatment verified in adequate glycemic control.
RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar las creencias de personas con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, relacionadas con el uso de insulina. Métodos: el estudio descriptivo, transversal y cuantitativo, fundamentado en la Theory of Planned Behavior y realizado con 32 participantes en uso de insulina. Los datos fueron analizados y agrupados en categorías por la similitud de las creencias, contabilizados a partir de las frecuencias. Resultados: se emitieron 118 creencias comportamentales, 60 normativas y 97 de control. Entre las creencias comportamentales, se destacó la ventaja en mantener la diabetes controlada y desventaja, dolor de la perforación por la aplicación de insulina. Las normativas destacaron a los hijos como referentes que apoyan el tratamiento. En las creencias de control, se observó que la aplicación de la insulina aparece como facilidad y dificultad al tratamiento. Conclusiones: el estudio subsidiará la construcción de escala psicométrica para medir los factores determinantes del uso de la insulina, desvelando particularidades para la estructuración de intervenciones educativas que contribuyan con adhesión del tratamiento verificado en el control glucémico adecuado.
RESUMO Objetivos: identificar as crenças de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, relacionadas ao uso de insulina. Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal e quanti-qualitativo, fundamentado na Theory of Planned Behavior e realizado com 32 participantes em uso de insulina. Os dados foram analisados e agrupados em categorias pela similitude das crenças, contabilizados a partir das frequências. Resultados: foram emitidas 118 crenças comportamentais, 60 normativas e 97 de controle. Entre as crenças comportamentais, destacou-se vantagem em manter o diabetes controlado e desvantagem, dor da furada pela aplicação de insulina. As normativas destacaram os filhos como referentes que apoiam o tratamento. Nas crenças de controle, observou-se que a aplicação da insulina aparece como facilidade e dificuldade ao tratamento. Conclusões: o estudo subsidiará a construção de escala psicométrica para mensurar os fatores determinantes do uso da insulina, desvendando particularidades para estruturação de intervenções educativas que contribuam com adesão do tratamento verificado no controle glicêmico adequado.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Insulin/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Qualitative Research , Medication Adherence/psychology , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Objetivos: establecer los recursos de salud que los habitantes de Medellín buscan cuando se sienten enfermos y las razones que los llevan a tomar esas decisiones, indagando, además sobre el uso de medicina tradicional y medicina alternativa. Métodos: investigación cualitativa sustentada en la teoría fundada y en métodos rápidos de recolección de información. Se realizaron 46 entrevistas semiestructuradas a personas de diferentes estratos sociales de la ciudad de Medellín, entre los meses de julio a septiembre del 2005. Resultados: se encontró que las prácticas propias de la medicina tradicional son un recurso buscado por muchas personas, especialmente las de menores recursos financieros. Estas prácticas han asumido nuevos nombres para adaptarse a las tendencias en medicina pero, en lo fundamental, conservan las características propias de la medicina tradicional colombiana. La medicina alternativa es buscada por personas de estratos superiores y su uso está vinculado a la búsqueda de tratamientos integrales para las enfermedades y a la insatisfacción que algunas personas sienten frente a ciertas características de la medicina occidental y del sistema de salud colombiano.
Objective: to explore health resources chosen by Medellíns residents when they feel ill and the reasons why they decide to use Colombian folk medicine and Complementary and Alternative Medicine resources. Methods: this research was based on the premises shared by the majority of the qualitative methods, and specially by two methodologies: the Grounded Theory (GT) and Rapid Assessment Process (RAP). Forty-six people from various social classes, who were affiliated with different health insurance companies as well as uninsured were interviewed. Interviews were carried out from July to September 2005. Results: the study found that many people, especially those with low or very low income seek Colombian folk medicine practices resources when they feel sick. These practices and their practitioners have taken new names to adapt themselves to new tendencies in medicine but they actually keep the traditional characteristics of Colombian folk medicine. Complementary and alternative medicine therapies such as acupuncture, homeopathy, and bioenergetics exercised by physicians licensed from certified universities are sought mostly by middle and upper class people, especially by those with a high educational level. These patients have in common that they feel discomfort with the biologist emphasis of Western medicine so they seek an integral treatment integrating body, mind, and spirit.